Prunus ‘Mikuruma-gaeshi’: A Classic Japanese Cherry for Elegant Gardens
Prunus ‘Mikuruma-gaeshi’, also known as Prunus serrulata ‘Temari’ or Prunus serrulata f. diversifolia, is a remarkable deciduous tree that brings timeless beauty to gardens with its stunning floral display and seasonal foliage. Known for its upright branches and open habit, this tree offers a unique charm that makes it a prized specimen in ornamental gardening.
Background and Botanical Information
Family: Rosaceae
Genus: Prunus
Common Names: Royal Carriage, Court Carriage
Origin: Japan
The name ‘Mikuruma-gaeshi‘ translates to “Royal Carriage” in Japanese, a reference to a historical anecdote from 1758. It is said that courtiers, enchanted by the beauty of an unknown cherry tree, quarreled over whether its flowers were single or double. The carriage was ordered to return for closer inspection, revealing that the tree bore both single and semi-double flowers with 7-8 petals. This cultivar, also known as ‘Kirigaya‘ or ‘Kirigayatsu,’ has been cultivated since the early 15th century and is one of the true classics of flowering cherries.
Description
Height: Up to 7 meters
Spread: Up to 5 meters
Foliage: Deciduous, with young bronze-green leaves that turn dark green in summer and transform into red copper with yellow markings in autumn.
Flowers: Single to semi-double, pale pink, densely packed, appearing in late April to early May. The flowers are mostly single, with 5 petals, and occasionally more, forming inflorescences of 3-4 flowers on short-stalked corymbs. Light pink buds open to flat white blooms with a pink shade and some fragrance.
Habit: Upright with long ascending branches and an open structure. Numerous short spurs are formed along the boughs, enhancing the floral display.
Cultivation and Care o:f Prunus ‘Mikuruma-gaeshi’
Sun/Light Exposure: Full sun to achieve the best flower display and autumn color.
Soil: Moderately fertile, well-drained soil. The tree will tolerate most soil types, including chalk and clay.
Watering: Regular watering during dry spells, especially when newly planted. Once established, the tree is relatively drought-tolerant.
Planting: When planting, prepare a hole up to three times the diameter of the root system. Fork over the base of the pit and incorporate plenty of organic matter into the backfill and planting hole. Avoid frozen and waterlogged soil. For bare-root trees, soak the roots in water for half an hour before planting.
Pruning: Prune lightly in mid-summer to reduce the risk of silver leaf and bacterial canker. Maintain an open ‘goblet’ shape and remove any damaged, diseased, or broken branches. Pruning group 1 is recommended.
Fertilization: Apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in early spring to encourage vigorous growth and abundant flowering.
Propagation
Methods: Propagate by chip budding or grafting. Softwood cuttings taken in early summer with bottom heat can also be successful.
Pests and Diseases
Pests: May be susceptible to cherry blackfly, other aphids, leaf-mining moths, and caterpillars.
Diseases: Prone to bacterial canker, blossom wilt, and silver leaf. This variety may also be susceptible to brown rot.
Seasonal Interest
This cultivar offers multi-seasonal interest:
- Spring: Abundant pale pink flowers densely packed on upright branches.
- Summer: Dark green foliage provides a lush backdrop.
- Autumn: Leaves turn reddish-copper with yellow markings, adding vibrant fall color.
Landscaping Uses
Prunus ‘Mikuruma-gaeshi’ is ideal for:
- City and courtyard gardens
- Cottage and informal gardens
- Wildlife gardens
- Flower borders and beds
Its elegant form and stunning floral display make it a perfect specimen tree for small gardens, creating a focal point with its graceful branches and seasonal color.
Conclusion
Prunus ‘Mikuruma-gaeshi’ is a cherished addition to any garden, offering historical significance and timeless beauty. With its delicate pink flowers, vibrant autumn foliage, and upright growth habit, this Japanese cherry tree brings elegance and charm to landscapes. Proper care and cultivation ensure that this classic ornamental tree thrives, providing years of visual delight and seasonal interest. Whether planted as a focal point in a city garden or as part of a mixed border, ‘Mikuruma-gaeshi’ is sure to enchant with its graceful presence and exquisite blooms.
